Power system.



W13. ADAMS.

POWER SYSTEM.

- APPLICATION IILEDAUG. 5, 1909..

Patent 6d H0114, 1911'.

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W. E. ADAMS.

.POWER SYSTEM.

APPLICATION FILED AUG. 5-, 1909.

Pa tented NOV. 14, 1911.

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POWER SYSTEM. APPLICATION FILED AUG. 5,' 1909.

Patented Nov. 14, 1911.

ADAMS.

POWER SY APPLICATION FILED AUG. 5, 1909.

STEM.

Patented N0v.-14,1911.

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s'ra'ru WILLIAM E. Anni/Is, or SALEM, MASSACHUSETTS.

POWER SYSTEM.

Salem, in the'county of Essex and State of' Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Power Systems; and I do hereby declare the following to beat full, clear, and exact description of the. invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. The lnvention relates to power systems and more particularly to means adapted to be usedin connection with an internal combustion engine whereby the efficiency of the One object; of the invention is to provide means for utilizing the waste heat from the internal combustion engine- 4 iffurther object is to provide improved means for'utilizing compressed air to start the internal combustion engine.

WVith theseends. in view, one feature of theinvent-ion contemplates the provision of means for compressing air, which is then cooled and passed through a jacket which surroundsthe internal combustion engine.

- The heated compressed air is further heated by the exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine, and is then utilized in an air engine or motor.

A further feature templates the provision of an air compressor combined with an internal combustion engine so 'thatthe former may be utilized in starting the latter, and improved means for controlling the supply of compressed air during the starting of the internal combustion engine and for supplying atmospheric airduring the normal running of the com pressor.

Other features of theinvention will be referred to in connection with the specific description of the illustrated embodiment of the invention.

In the accompanyingdrawings, Figurel is the apparatus applled to a Flg. 2 is a slde elevation of motor vehicle;

the same; Fig. 3 is a fragmentary vertical section taken on the line 3-3, Fig. 1, on an enlarged scale; Fig. 4: is a vertical sect'ion taken on 'the line lk-4, Fig. 1, showing one unit of the internal combustion engine in section; Fig. on the line 5-5 of the air controlling valve; Fig. 6 is a vertical section taken on line I compressor.

of the invention con-' 5 is a vertical section taken 1 Specification Of-LBttBIS Patent. PatentedN'ev, 14:, 1911. Application filed August 5, 1909. Serial No. 511,293. I I

section taken on line 7-7, Fig. 2; Fig. 8 is a horizontal section taken on line 8-8, Fig.

'2; Fig. 9 is a fragmentary'vertical section showing the discharge valves of the air As shown in the accompanying drawings,

the apparatus is appliedto a motor vehicle,

but obviously certain features of it. are

equally adaptable for use in other localities. The internal combustion engine is of the 2-cycle type and comprises two cylinders 10 and. 11. Both cylinders are alike, therefore a description of one will suflice for both. The cylinder-"'10. is mounted upon a crank case 12, which is provided-with suitable bearingswithin which the main shaft 15 is'journaled. Said main shaft is provided at one end with a fly Wheel 16. Within the cylinder 10 is a cylinder head 18 through which a piston rod 20 reciprocates, and is suitably packed by the packing 21. A hollow piston 22 is secured to the upper end of the piston rod 20'and a piston'23 is secured to" the lower endv of said piston rod. A connecting rod 24 is secured to the piston 23 by means of a wrist pin 25 at one end, and is attached to the crank pin 26 at its other end. Surrounding the cylinder 10 is a casing .30 which is separated from the cylinder to form a jacket or cooling chamber 31. This chamber surrounds theiside' walls and top of the cylinder 10, thus forming a cooling jacket for the engine and for the air compressor which is at each side of the cylinder head 18 between said head and the pistons 22 and 23. A chamber 32- is formed within the cooling jacket 31 and communicates by means of the port 33 at its lower end, with the interior of the crank case 12, and at itsupper end by means of.

a port 34 with the interior of the compression and explosion chamber 35 of the internal combustion engine. A spark plug may be mounted within theiopenin'g 36 by which the explosive charge within the chamber 35 maybe ignited. Anexhaust passage 538' communicates with the interior of the chamber 35 at one end and with a chamber 40 which is adjacent to a valve chamber 41 of the air engine. The exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine pass from the passage 38 through the chamber 40 and thence through openings 42 into the cham: ber 4:3 which surrounds the cylinders of the air engine. From this chamber the exhaust gases pass through the pipe 44 to amufiier 45 and thence to the atmosphere.

The air compressor is utilized'in starting the internal combustion engine to obviate the necessity of cranking. For this purposecompressed air isstored in the receiver or reservoir which is connected by rneans of a pipe 51 to a valve chamber 52. Iii-said chamber 52-is a cylinder 53 provided with two sets otports '54 and 55 which are controlled by a piston valve 56 traveling'within the cylinder 53 and operated by means of a piston rod 57 connected to an eccentric strap 58 on an eccentric 59 mounted upon the crank shaft 15. The piston valve 56 also controls the passages 60 and 61 which communicate with the chambers at the upper and lower side's, respectively, of the cylinder head 18. An exhaust passage 62 also communicates withthe interior of the cylinder 53 and is prolonged by a pipe 64 which opens into the atmosphere. The pipes 51 atmospheric airv to the. compressor.

and-64, are controlled by adouble valve 134 mounted upon a stem 135 having a handle 136 at its upper end. A valve 65 mounted within a casing 66 on the sidept the challl ber 52 controls the admission of atmospheric air to the interior of the chamber 52, said valve opening inwardly to supply the air valves 68 and 69 which open outwardly and communicate with a passa e 70 which is connected to a pipe 71. his pipe 71 is connected at its oth'erend with a cooling chamber 72. This cooling chamber is connected by means of apipe 73 with the cool- 'ing jacket 31 of the internal combustion engine, and said cooling chamber 72 is also connected to the cooling jacket of the engine by means of a pipe 74 which branches at 75 to enter the top of the cooling jacket of each cylinder. The air from the cooling jacket 31 of the internal combustion engine passes through'a pipe 76 within the chamber 40 and is discharged through openings 78 into the valve chamber 41 of the air, engine.

The air engine is shown as composed of three units; a description of one will, therefore, suffice; for all. The chamber41 is divided longitudinally by a web 80 and a plurality of valvecylinders 81. The cylinders 81 are each provided with ports 82 and 83 which are controlled by a piston valve 84 having a piston rod 85 connected to a rocker arm 80 of a valve gear. The piston valves muliier 95.

each cylinder. these links, rollers 122 are adapted to travel.

84 control the ports 82 and 83 and thereby control the admission of air to the cylinders 88 which are also mounted Within the chairiber 41 and provided with ports 89 and 90 at their upper and lower extremities respectively. An exhaust passage 92 communicates With each of the valve cylinders 81'and all discharge into a pipe 94 whichleads to a The chamber 41 is also connected byv means of'an air overflow pipe 96 to the compressed air tank or reservoir 50, said 97, is to conduct compressed air from the chamber 41 to the reservoir 50 when the air engine is stationary and the internal combustion engine is running. Said reservoir'50 is v provided With a relief valve 98 which operates to allow the discharge of air from the TBSBIVOII When a predetermined pressure has been reached therein.

Each cylinder 88 is provided with a pispiipe being provided with a check valve' e purpose of this'air overflow pipe ton 100 .having a piston rod 101 connected to a hollow piston 102 which is provided with a Wrist pin 103 about which the upper secured to a crank pin 1050f a crank 106 on the main or crank shaft 107 of the air engine.v l

The piston valves 84 are controlled by means of a handlellO attached to a sleeve 111 on the steering shaft of the ,motor vehicle. A crank arm 112 is'connected to the sleeve 111 at one end and to'a link 114 at the other end. Said link 114 is connected to a crank arm 115 secured to a shaft'116.' This shaft extends longitudinally of the. em

gine within the chamber 117 formed by a casing 118-upon which the chamber 41 is mounted. Secured to the shaft 116 are three sets of channeled links 120, one set for Vithin the channels 121 of These rollers are mounted to rotat'eabout a pin 123 carried by a link 124. Said link 124 is pivotally connected to the, lower end of the connecting rod 86, and also pivot-ally connected to a link 125. Said link 125 is connected at one end to. the. connecting rod 104and at its other end to a crank arm 126 mounted on a shaft 127. By moving the handle 110 a quarter turn in either direction from the central position the shaft116 may be rocked, thus moving the pistonvalveswithin the cylinders 81, the direction in which they are moved determining the direction of rotation of the engine, as is well known. The above described valve ,g\',-ar is' of well-known construction, and any suitable form may be employed if desired.

. Connected to the eccentric strap 58 is a rod 130 which is connected to a spark timer 131. Said sparkiimer may be adjusted to advance or retard the spark by mean of a 90 end of a connecting rod 104 is mounted. The lower end of the connecting rod 104 is upon the valve 134 is closed.

rod 132 connected thereto and extending to a conven ent position for. the operator -of the machlne.

The operation of the apparatusis as al lows: It will be assumed that the reservoir 50 has been filled With compressedair. The handle 1.36 is turned to open the valve 134, thus allowing compressed air to flow through the pipe 51 into the chamber 52. The pressure of this air will maintain the valve 65 clcsed. With the parts in the position shown inFig. 4, compressed air passes through the ports 55, and the passage 61, into the chamher at the lower side of the cylinder head 18,, thus forcing the piston 28 downwardly. The

air above the cylinder head 16 is. forced out through the passage 60 and discharged through the exhaust passage 62 and the pipe 64. This cycle ofoperations is allowed to be repeated until the internal combustion engine compresses and explodes a charge in order to be driven by .its own power. There- The air for supplying the compressor is then admitted through the valve 65 and through the ports 54: and 55 alternately into the chambers above and below the cylinder head 18, and

discharged from said chambers through the valves 68 and 69 into the pipe 71.and= from thence to the cooling chamber 72. Th'e'air from the cooling chamber then passes through the pipes 73 and 7 1 to the engine cooling ackets 31, and from thence through the pipe 76 into the chamber 41. The air is then controlled by the piston valves 84; to

drive the pistons 100 of the air engine. Said air engine may be connected by means of a.

universal joint 14:0 to the driving gear of the'vehicle. The valve gear is manipulated by means'of the handle 110 to cause the air engine to propel the vehicle forward or backward as is desired. If the air engine is stopped while the internal combustion engine is running, the compressed air is discharged from the chamber 41 through the air-overflow pipe 96' into the reservoir 50 until such time as the pressure therein exceeds the predetermined limit, whereupon the relief valve 98 operates.

The supply of combustible mixture for the engine may be controlled by means of a well-known form of carbureter .150 which 'is provided with an air intake 151 and a gasolene supply 152 connected to a tank 153.

Said carbureter may be controlled by means of a spring-pressed valve within a cylinder 155. Said cylinder communicates by means of a pipe 156 with the cooling tank 72, and the pressure within the tank acts upon a piston connected-t0 the valve. As-the pressure within the tank 72 increases beyond a predetermined limit, the valve 154- closes,- thus reducing the speed of the engine, and as the pressure falls said valve opens under the influence of its spring, and thus increases the speed of the engine; The combustible mixture is conveyed from the carbureter by a branch p'pe 15.8" to the crank cases l2 of the internal combustion engine. 7 I

It is to beobserved from the construction above set f'orththat the compressed air, is

first cooled and then utilized to cool the cylinder of the internal combustion engine and the air compressor thereby becomes heated,

andsaid air is further heated means ofthe exhaust gases Within the chamber 40 before being utilized in the air engine.

. While I prefer to employ the specific con-' struction' and arrangement of parts shown and described in embodying the various features of the invention in a simpleand compact construction, it will be understood that this construction and arrangement is not essential to the invention in 1ts broader asect, and may be varied or modified as found desirable. that the various features of the invention may be embodied with advantage insystems which do not embody the other features,galthough improved results may .be secured by embodying all the features in the same system.

form of apparatus in which it may be embodied, WhatI claim is 1 v 1. The combination With anjinternalcom- It will also be understood Having set .forth the nature and objectof the invention, and specifically described one '95 -bustion engine having an air jacket around its combustion cylinder, of an air compressor driven by the'internal combustion engine;

and supplying air to the air jacket, an air reservoir 'connectedwith the air jacket to receive the heated and compressed air there.-

from, and means. cooperating with the air compressor for controlling a supply ofcomsaid air jacket-to the air engine, an air reservoir, means for supplying compressed air to the air reservoir, and means for'sup plying compressed a1r from'said reservoir to said air compressor for starting the inter-1 nal combustion engine, substantially "as described. v 3. The combination of a combined a1rcompressor and internal combustion engine have ingjthe air'compressor located betweenthe compression and combustion chambers of the internal combustion engine,- a [valve chamber commnnicating'with-the. air compressor, a valve within said chamber, means for supplyingcompressed' airv-to said chamher, and means for moving said valve to control the air to utilize the compressor to start the internal combustion engine, substantially as described.

4:. The combination of a Combined air com- I pressor and internal combustion engine, a

valve chamber communicating with the air compressor, a valve within the chamber for controllingthe communication between the aii' compressor and valve chamber,means for supplying compressed air to said valve chamber'tobe'utilized in the. air; compressor to start the internal combustion engine, and

a valve for admit-ting atmospheric air to said chamber, substantially as described.

I '5.-The combination of a combined air com pressor and internal combustion engine, a

.valve chamber communicating with the air compressor, a valve within the chamber for 20 controlling the communication between the air compressor and the chamber, means op- .eratively connecting the valve and the crank shaft of the engine, means for supplying compressed air to said valve chamber to be utilized in; the aircompressor .to start the internal combustion engine, and means for supplying atmospheric air to said valve chamber, substantially as described.

6. The combination of a combined air compressor and internal combustion 5 engine, a valve'chamber ommunicating with the air compressor, a v lve within the chamber-for, controlling the communication between the air compressor and the chamber, means operatively connecting the internal combustion engine and the'valve, an air reservoir connected to the air compressor, means for supplying compressed air from said reservoir to said valvejchamber for use in the air compressor for starting the internal com- 'bust ion engine, and means for supplying atmospheric air to saidvalve chamber, substantially as described. v

,7; The combination of an internal com- 'bustion engine having an air jacket, an air compressor driven by the internal combus- "tionven'gine and capable 0t use in starting .the said engine, an air cooler, means for conducting air from the compressor to the cooler and from the cooler to the air acket, as air motor, means for supplying the air from the air jacket to the air motor, means for utilizing the exhaust gases from the internal combustion engine to heat the air supplied to the air motor, an air reservoir, and

means comprising anair overflow for con-I ducting the compressed air from the air motor. to the air reservoir when the air motor is stationary, and the, internal combustion engine and air compressor are running, substantially as described.

8. The combination of an air compressor,

an air reservoir, a valve chamber commun1-. H

cating with the air compressor and with the an reservoir, a mechanically-operated valve in said chamber for controlling the communication between said chamber and the air compressor, and a pressure operated valve for admitting atmospheric air to'said chamber, substantially as described.

' 9. The combination of an air compressor, I

an air reservoir, means for conducting compressed air from the compressor to the T85?" ervoir, a valve chamber communicating with the air compressor and reservoir, an exhaust;

passage communicating with said compressor, a mechanically operated valve in said chamber for controlling the communication between thevchamber and the compressor and also controlling the exhaust passage, and a pressure operated valve for admitting atmospheric air to said chamber, substantially as described.

10. The combination of a combined internal combustion engineand air compressor, an air reservolr, means for conducting compressed a1r from the compressor to the reservoir, a valve chamber communicating with 

